{"id":55622,"date":"2021-03-26T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-26T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/espores.org\/?p=55622"},"modified":"2023-06-27T12:42:36","modified_gmt":"2023-06-27T10:42:36","slug":"a-new-valencian-garrofo-better-adapted-to-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/espores.org\/en\/agriculture\/a-new-valencian-garrofo-better-adapted-to-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"A new Valencian \u201cgarrof\u00f3\u201d, better adapted to climate change"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Researchers from the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, together with the Organic Production Service of the directorate-general for Rural Development of the Generalitat Valenciana have found out that one of the three traditional Valencian varieties of garrof\u00f3<\/em> is better adapted to climate change. This work\u2019s conclusions have been published in the journal Agronomy.<\/em><\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Authors of the study published in ‘Agronomy’: Josefa Prieto, Isabel Mart\u00ednez, Elena Estrelles, Josep Rosell\u00f3 and Pilar Soriano. Picture: M.J.Pic\u00f3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The study compared the characteristics of the three traditional Valencian varieties of garrof\u00f3<\/em> – cella negra, ull de perdiu y pintat<\/em>\u2013 with commercial seeds from Peru, grown especially in the Andean country and in Almer\u00eda (Spain), and which are easy to identify as they are completely white. Specifically, the adaptation during the germinative process was analysed under water stress circumstances \u2013 response to drought \u2013 and high temperatures.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The results of the research show that the Valencian variety \u201cgarrof\u00f3 pintat\u201d (Phaseolus lunatus L.<\/em>)<\/a> can \u201ccompete with cash crops thanks to its tolerance to high temperatures and drought. This means that it is a traditional seed well-adapted to the arid conditions and rainfall scarcity expected in the Mediterranean Basin due to climate change\u201d states Elena Estrelles, curator and head of the Germplasm Bank of the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
“Garrof\u00f3 de la cella negra” (left) and “garrof\u00f3 pintat” (right). Picture: M.J.Pic\u00f3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

This study, focused on a small group of genes, \u201chas not found genetic differences between the native seeds of garrof\u00f3 and the ones that come from Peru. Therefore, it would be interesting to detect markers that could reflect the adaptations of the different varieties\u201d, explains Isabel Mart\u00ednez Nieto, researcher of the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vulnerability against pathogens <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pilar Soriano, professor of the Department of Botany and Geology in the Faculty of Biological Sciences of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia and researcher of the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic, highlights that the current tendency towards homogeneity in crops \u201cnot only does it affect to the loss of the traditional varieties, but it causes some problems such as adaptation to changes in environmental conditions and increased vulnerability to any type of pathogen\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Pilar Soriano, member of the research team, in the ecological garden of the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia. Picture: Elisa Caballer<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Josep Rosell\u00f3, expert of the Organic Production Service of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Climate emergency and Ecological Transition Conselleria \u2013located at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Carcaixent\u2013 outlines the importance of \u201cpromoting the growth of native varieties because of their resilience to global warming. We protect and use our heritage of traditional seeds as well as we help in fighting climate challenge and the loss of agrodiversity\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
“Garrof\u00f3 pintat” in the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia. Picture: Elisa Caballer<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In fact, the initial aim of this work was to confirm the hypothesis that the traditional varieties of garrof\u00f3, grown for years in Mediterranean climate areas \u201cwith summer periods of drought and high temperatures, could be better adapted to environmental changes that led to an increase in water and heat stress\u201d, states professor Pilar Soriano. She adds that it would also be important to study adult plants in order to \u201ccheck whether the results also apply to other stages of development because, although germination is one of the most sensitive stages of the life cycle, water deficit affects all phases, such as growth and seed production\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A legume linked to “paella”<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Josep Rosell\u00f3 explains that garrof\u00f3 is a legume that remains in the Valencian territory thanks to its link to paella, because \u201cit is difficult and hard to grow them, as they have a long cycle, from April to November; it is distributed along the coast because it needs heat, but also water; it is a climbing plant that requires a firm hut structure and suffers from the risks of summer climate\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
“Garrof\u00f3 pintat” during the germination process in the laboratory of the Germplasm Bank of the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia. Picture: Elena Estrelles<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

This research also recommends the restoration of traditional Valencian seeds and their commercial distribution so that citizens can buy them and so that they are demanded by consumers taking into account their quality and better taste. This way \u201cnot only do we restore genetic diversity in our agriculture, but also favour proximity consumption and food sovereignty\u201d argues Elena Estrelles. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Valencian garrof\u00f3 quality label<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The Organic Production Service of the directorate-general for Rural Development has encourage farmers to organise themselves in order to apply for a quality label for the Valencia garrof\u00f3. Nowadays, \u201cthe producer\u2019s association has been created, and the technical labelling regulation has been already sent to the regional department for approval\u201d states Rosell\u00f3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Members of the research team in the laboratory of the Germplasm Bank of the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia. Picture: M.J. Pic\u00f3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The collaboration between the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic and the Organic Production Service of the directorate-general for Rural Development of the Generalitat Valenciana started some years ago with the research carried out by the Germplasm Bank and the cultivation of seeds in the organic garden. Both public institutions consider that it is essential to work together on traditional and wild crop seeds so that they can expand their botanical knowledge and dissemination to society. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Researchers from the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, together with the Organic Production Service of the directorate-general for Rural Development of the Generalitat Valenciana have found out that one of the three traditional Valencian varieties of garrof\u00f3 is better adapted to climate change. This work\u2019s conclusions have been published in the journal Agronomy. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":138,"featured_media":54661,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7255,7257,7256],"tags":[7258],"coauthors":[2761],"class_list":["post-55622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","category-botanical-gardens","category-research","tag-setmana-de-la-ciencia-en"],"yoast_head":"\nA new Valencian \u201cgarrof\u00f3\u201d, better adapted to climate change | Espores<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/espores.org\/en\/agriculture\/a-new-valencian-garrofo-better-adapted-to-climate-change\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A new Valencian \u201cgarrof\u00f3\u201d, better adapted to climate change | Espores\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Researchers from the Jard\u00ed Bot\u00e0nic of the Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, together with the Organic Production Service of the directorate-general for Rural Development of the Generalitat Valenciana have found out that one of the three traditional Valencian varieties of garrof\u00f3 is better adapted to climate change. 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